The Holocaust and the Cultivation of Bigotry and Hate Essay

The Holocaust and the Cultivation of Bigotry and Hate In 1933, the Jewish population of Europe was about 9.5 million people. The number represented more than 60 percent of the worlds Jewish population at that time, estimated at 15.3 million. So how could two out of every three European Jews be dead by the end of World War 2? The answer to this question lies in the hands of Adolph Hitler. Adolph Hitler has helped destroy the lives of millions of families around the world, but how was he able to take part in these mass killing of Jews all around Europe. When Adolph Hitler was 18, he became interested in German nationalism, because he lived on the German-Austrian border. He became interested in politics, only after failing†¦show more content†¦Hitler, knowing this, devised a plan, in which the Nazi?s would kidnap the leaders of the Bavarian government, and hold them at gunpoint until they accepted Hitler as their leader. The kidnapping was supposed to take place at a beer hall in Munich. Of course, none of this was true, but the people in the beer hall did not know the difference. Hitler ordered the 3 Bavarian officials to a back room, and proclaimed I have four bullets in this gun: three for you gentlemen, and one for me.?(Keegan 221). The three gentlemen finally succumbed to the Nazi government. They then went out to the podium in the beer hall, and publicly announced their loyalty to Hitler. All four, including Hitler then sang ?Deutschland uber Alles?, the song of the Nazi?s. Hitler left the beer hall in pure happiness. This proved to be a fatal mistake for Hitler, for after he left the hall, the revolution fizzled into nothing, he was captured, tried for treason, and, on November 21st, 1923, Hitler was put in jail for five years (Encarta). While in jail, Hitler funneled all of his hatred-driven energy into a book, titled Mein Kampf. Hitler rambled from one subject to the next, one minute blaming the Jews for Germany?s loss in World War I, and the next, talking a bout his future ambitions. Because of this, Hitler was banned from public speaking in Germany for 2 years, and the ban was not lifted.. During this two-year period, Hitler reorganized the Nazi party. Time to seize

Character Analysis of Julius Caesar - 1421 Words

Julius Caesar Character Analysis Cassius Strengths and Weaknesses Cassius was one of the conspirators against Cesar and proves to be a powerful character in Shakespeares, Julius Caesar. He has much strength and very few weaknesses and this helped him achieve small goals that led to his main goal of killing Caesar. One of Cassius strengths is his ability to influence people using flattery and pressure. In Act 1, Scene 2, Cassius demonstrates this strength by influencing Brutus to think more seriously about stopping Caesar from becoming king by reasoning with him and pressuring him. In this scene, Cassius says, ...upon what meat doth this our Caesar feed, that he has grown so great...there was a Brutus once that would have brookd†¦show more content†¦The poor man almost drowned had it not been for me who pulled him out! And now it seems that this same weakling is fit for a king. Now, Caesar has everything one could ask for-popularity, wealth and power-and after I have shown myself to be the better man! How does he deserve more than me when I can do so much more! Relationship with Brutus I cant see myself having a true friendship with Brutus, but I had to at least pretend to be his friend to kill Caesar. The two of us could have made great friends and a good team if the man dropped his morals and principles for a second! However, Brutus continued to live by his principles and our relationship could stretch no further than a friendship that I used to achieve my goals. I had to use Brutus popularity to gain support from Roman citizens for the conspiracy. Hes morals often did annoy me. I remember when he accused me of having an itchy palm and confronted me because I took some bribes. We needed to raise some quick funds if we were to have had any chance against Octavius and Antonys army. Even for a fake friendship, terms with Brutus have often stretched my patience and it would be true to say that we have a strained relationship. Translation of Characters Main Speech Cassius Major Speech-Act 1, Scene 2 Why, man, he doth bestride the narrow world Like a Colossus, and we petty men Walk under his huge legs, and peep about To find ourselves dishonourable graves. Men at some time are masters of theirShow MoreRelatedJulius Caesar Character Analysis Essay1017 Words   |  5 Pages The author of Julius Caesar is William Shakespeare, an English poet, playwright, and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language. He was born on July 13 in 1564 and died in 1616. It was written to be a tragedy and was one of the seventh plays written off true events that happened in Roman time. Also includes Coriolanus, Antony, and Cleopatra. Drama of the play focuses on Brutus’ struggle between the conflicting demands of honor, patriotism, and friendship. Opens with â€Å"twoRead MoreJulius Caesar Character Analysis1332 Words   |  6 PagesBrutus’s Wife Of all female characters in Shakespeare, few possess the vigor and assertion that Portia demonstrates in Shakespeare’s classic political tragedy, Julius Caesar. Overshadowed by all of the chaos and unrest in the life of our protagonist, Brutus, a complex emotional and ethical journey is taking place, represented by Portia, Brutus’s wife. Portia exists in the text to shed light and understanding on an arch that isn’t always as apparent to the audience. In production of the play, directorsRead MoreJulius Caesar Character Analysis899 Words   |  4 PagesApparently, the North Star is also a pincushion. William Shakespeare’s play Julius Caesar, is about the assassination of the titular future king and the aftermath of this event. Julius Caesar was loved by all the common people but hated by the aristocracy. Many characters in this play end up dying due to this event. Many of them had thought themselves immortal. As a genius playwright, Shakespeare was able t o include hidden messages in his plays. In this specific play, he was able to demonstrateRead MoreJulius Caesar Character Analysis852 Words   |  4 Pagesdislike people. In this play, Julius Caesar, there were many different characters with many different personalities. I believe that Soothsayer is the most honorable character, and I believe that Brutus is the most corrupt. I believe that Soothsayer is the most honorable character for multiple reasons. One reason I believe this is because he tried to warn Caesar two times about the Ides of March. Caesar marked him as unimportant, and he ignored Soothsayer. Despite Caesar saying he was unimportant, heRead MoreJulius Caesar Character Analysis1546 Words   |  7 Pagesmight, or will, start taking advantage of them. In one of Shakespeare’s plays, The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, it demonstrates that being too trusting of someone could end with bad consequences. In The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, one of the main characters, Brutus, trusted his best friend, Cassius, with everything. Brutus trusted that Cassius was right about him being a new ruler of Rome, how killing Caesar would make a safer and better living space for the community, and that the people would supportRead MoreJulius Caesar Character Analysis785 Words   |  4 Pageslanguage† (Keach 253). In the play Julius Caesar, William Shakespea re uses metals to add emphasis to the play. These references to metal are used in the play as a form of characterization, as a way to establish the mood, and as a way to explain the ideas of the characters. The characterization helps the audience to have a better understanding of the characters and their personalities, the mood further explains what the characters are feeling in relation to Caesar and his death, and they emphasizeRead MoreJulius Caesar Character Analysis842 Words   |  4 PagesWhen it comes down to identifying true friends, not everyone will show loyalty in the same way. In the play Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare, Brutus and Antony have flaws and varying beliefs which led them down different paths, as well as individual ways of displaying this ardent behavior. Everyone has different faults or quirks that can get in the way and cause us to do some pretty hurtful things. But Shakespeare shows us that although these flaws produce bad outcomes, they might have more positiveRead MoreJulius Caesar Character Analysis2014 Words   |  9 PagesJulius Caesar is a play about the death of Julius Caesar and how his death affects the Roman Empire. The play was written in 1599 by William Shakespeare. Even though the play is about Julius Caesar, the main character isn’t Julius Caesar, but really is Brutus. Brutus deals with internal conflict during the play because at first he doesn’t want to cause any harm to his emperor but Cassius convinces him that the other senators and he should do something about Caesar. Cassius is another senator forRead MoreJulius Caesar Character Analysis Essay834 Words   |  4 Pageswas once a friend that ended up costing someone’s life. In the play Julius Caesar the entire situation gets out of hand, Caesar had still thought his true friend, Cassius, was loyal to him. Cassius is to be known of betraying, his once good friend, Caesar. Even someone as loyal as one may think, everyone’s potenti al can be unexpected and hazardous. The situation gets even more out of control as Cassius decided to deceive Caesar, only then to hurt him in the end. Cassius appears to be a threat, althoughRead More Brutus Character Analysis in Shakespeares Tragedy of Julius Caesar964 Words   |  4 PagesCharacter Analysis: Brutus William Shakespeares play, The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, was mainly based on the assassination of Julius Caesar. The character who was the mastermind behind the assassination was, ironically, Marcus Brutus, a senator and close friend to Julius Caesar. But what would cause a person to kill a close friend? After I examined Brutus relationship towards Caesar, his involvement in the conspiracy and his importance to the plot it all became clear. Brutus had one particular

Should women work after marriage free essay sample

A good relationship between husband and wife depends on the level of mutual respect they have for each other. This means never taking each other for granted or simply expecting certain things for each other without asking or having a discussion around roles. For example in a relationship, the husband automatically expects the wife to know where his clean shirts are or assumes that all housework or duties pertaining to the childrens needs are specially the wifes domain. This is a portrayal of a bad marriage. A good relationship relies on teamwork and sharing responsibilities equally not leaving one person in charge of everything. Likewise, the burden or problems in a relationship should be overcomed together, which leads me to my point that working women in a marriage is significant. When a married woman takes up a job, it gives her a much-needed sense of independence and self-reliance. Disconcertingly, some men object to their wives taking up jobs because it reflects on his ability to maintain the family or affect adversely his sense of respectability . We will write a custom essay sample on Should women work after marriage or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Working outside the home helps in the growth of personality and provides an opportunity of self-expression. Furthermore, the experience of work stress imposed occasionally on the wife at her work place would give her an idea and gauge of the stress that her husband could be dealing with, allowing the two to be more understanding and supportive of each other. This would benefit both individual as they would learn to compromise and subsequently, making their marriage last. Unfortunately, tradition has defined the role of a woman as a mother and as a wife and many women grow up to think that their sole duty lies within the house but in the present day circumstances this is no longer practicable. Significantly in Singapore, inflation is a thorny issue for many and many lament the high cost of living. Besides economic help which a working woman provides, there is an extra dimension to her character which makes her a better wife and mother. Also because a working woman comes into contact with the outer world and is likely to have wider interest, she can help to create a healthy atmosphere at home. With her increased knowledge and better understanding she can also make a better mother. The general knowledge and experience she learns from working outside home will stretch her capabilities and mind, widening her imaginations and moulding the idealistic mother in her. Women need jobs as much as men for a well-organized home does not need the housewifes presence the whole day long and children also grow up, go out to school and later to work and they get married, thus leaving a big gap in the mothers home. Staying at home the whole day and going grocery shopping every so often on a daily basis will only bore any person who does it every day! This is where work comes in as an advantage because only then will the wife meet new people and interact and at the same time, still be able to manage her time to juggle family time and work. This question, however, has an important aspect to it: taking up a job means spending time away from home and may thus interfere with the smooth running of a household and the upbringing of children. Firstly, woman tend to take on so much because they are engraved with this passive attitude to help and care, helping her family out financially is just another way they are taking care of their spouse and children. Most moms continue to come home to help children with their studies, fix their beds, and make sure they are in bed to be up the next morning for school. And if she happens to run late from work one night, why cant the father help? It takes two to make a child, so to be fair, the father has to help out with the bringing up of his children too. Women are not robots or slaves that are meant to do the same work day in and day out. Cooking and cleaning and taking care of the family is a repeated job that all woman step up and do. Taking up a career after marriage will benefit both the husband and wife in terms of income stability, and allow the wife to explore and continue to learn new things, not be trapped at home. Marriage should not stop you from working, in fact, it should spur you to take up the challenge to manage time well to achieve a successful career and a happy family. Hence, I strongly believe in my stand that women should work after marriage.

Corporate Financial Management Tertiary Sector

Questions: 1.What are the important factors that should be considered by tertiary sector employees when they are deciding whether to place their superannuation contributions in the Defined Benefit Plan or the Investment Choice Plan? What issues relating to the concept of the time value of money may be important in this decision-making process? 2.If the efficient-market hypothesis is true, the pension fund manager might as well select a portfolio with a pin. Explain why this is not the case? Answers: 1. Tertiary sector employees are those employees which are involved in providing services i.e. main employment area is of service. There are three types of sector and tertiary sector or service sector; employees are required to make their own superannuation funds as they are not working under any employer. In terms of maintaining superannuation funds for employees, there are two major plans that employee can select for their superannuation contribution and they are defined benefit plan or investment choice plan. There are various factors that shall be considered while selecting superannuation plan between defined benefit plan and investment choice plan. In order to understand different factors, first we need to understand these two plans and then decision of selection of plan will be taken. Defined benefit plan: Under defined benefit plan what amount is required to be received by employee is defined at the initial stage or at the starting of the defined benefit plan. Defined benefit plan is based onrequirement of employee in terms of amount that employee wants to receive at the age of superannuation or at the time of retirement. In defined benefit plan, both employee and employer contribute specified amount of contribution. This contribution is based onemployees earning (salary), age of employee, tenure of service in terms of no of years served by employee in the service or will be serving. Ddefined benefit plan can be used by employers as tool for increment of employees pay or cost to company (Basu, and Drew, 2010). Final salary plan in defined benefit plan is the most common plan for superannuation which calculates pension of employees by using three important variables and they are as follows: Pensionable service i.e. no of years of which pension is required to be paid to employee Pensionable earnings i.e. this is the estimation of salary that employee will be drawing at time of retirement or superannuation Accrual rate i.e. this is the portion of the earning that employee will be receiving at the year end under the selected scheme (Stockton, 2017). Therefore following is the formula of calculating pension income of employee under defined benefit plan: Number of years worked * Salary at the time of retirement or superannuation * Accrual rate It can be analysed that pension fund or funds that employee in tertiary sector will be getting largely depends on salary, no of years of service and accrual rate that employee belongs to (Defined-benefit plan inside a 401(k), 2012). But in this type of superannuation fund, employees are able to set their contribution in the fund and will get pension at the time of superannuation accordingly. Benefits available to employees from the plan can be available at the time of creating this plan. There are some tax incentives also available on this plan therefore this plan can suit tertiary sector employees (Schreiber, 2016). Unfunded defined benefit plan: While selecting defined benefit plan, employees are required to select one plan out of funded defined benefit plan or unfunded defined benefit plan. In case of unfunded defined benefit plan, there is no asset or investment is created for investing in the same. On the other hand, in case of funded defined benefit plan, there is one or two asset or investment created. All contributions of employee and employer shall be invested in that asset or assets (Most and Wadia, 2015). At the time of payment of pension or other retirement benefits i.e. superannuation time, asset or investment created will be sell-off and funds will be transferred to employee. Major drawback of funded defined benefit plan is that; amount that will be received at the time of maturity is not known in advance. Investment choice plan Under investment choice plan of superannuation plan, individual investment account will be opened with the investment company and these investments can range from any amount. In case of investment choice plan, employer contribution and employee contribution and any gain or interest or units earned during the year or period will be invested altogether in the single or multiple investments. In case of investment choice plan, employees have the power or option of changing their investment in any form of option based on some factors. Major advantage of investment choice plan is that employee will be able to manage their superannuation funds. In other words under investment choice plan, employees cam make choice of funds that they want to investment into. Another advantage of investment choice plan is that employee in of tertiary sector can make portfolio of investment or assets that they want to invest in. There are some strategies that employee can adopt for the purpose of using investm ent choice plan. Secured fund, shares fund, trustees selection fund, stable fund and many other finds are some example of investment choice funds. Factors that should be considered by tertiary sector employees for deciding superannuation contributions in the Defined Benefit Plan or the Investment Choice Plan are as follows Risk profile: Major consideration that employees of tertiary sector shall consider is of level of risk that they are willing to take. Both the superannuation funds and contribution is different from each other. Defined benefit plan is less risky as compared to investment choice plan. Defined benefit plan is not linked with market; therefore there is less risk in this plan. On the other hand, investment choice plan there are large no of investments or options there. Some of them can be equity or market linked (Building super on a fair foundation: Reform of the taxation of superannuation contributions, 2012). Therefore risk is the major factor that tertiary sector employees shall consider. Inflation rate: Inflation is the rate at which dearness or cost living increases as the inflation rate increases and vice-versa. In order to take decision related to deciding superannuation contributions shall be considered. In case of defined benefit plan, inflation rate plays very important role as this is long term plan. Under defined benefit plan, investments are for longer period and in this case value of money decreases year by year. Therefore this requires more contribution from employees (Modelling the macroeconomic effects of an increase in superannuation contributions, 2016). Time frame of investment: Time frame of investment plays vital role in selecting superannuation contribution plan. It shall be considered by employee whether he / she wants to invest for the longer period of time or for shorter period. Investment choice plan can provide better results in short term also. But defined benefit plan will only provide higher benefits in long terms and age of employee shall less. Therefore time frame of investment or superannuation funds shall be considered before deciding (Awad, 2009). Financial goals: Financial goal can vary individual to individual. There are some financial consideration that individual considers before deciding the superannuation to invest in. If financial goal of individual or tertiary sector employees is to gain higher profit and ready to take higher level of risk then he / she will select investment choice plan (Ingles and Richardson, , 2010). On the hand, individuals requires moderate level of pension income and at stable rate then tertiary sector employees can select defined benefit plan. Issues relating to the concept of the time value of money Time value of money is the concept which analysis or undertaken the concept of diminishing value of money as the time passes or in future period. Time value of money has the role to play in selecting or deciding superannuation contribution fund. Both defined benefit plan and investment choice plan has different treatment and mitigation procedure in terms of managing time value of money. Time value of money concept is used in the decision making process of deciding superannuation funds. For analysing present value of superannuation contribution and pension amount that will be received after the superannuation or retirement, time value of money concept is used (Brown, Gallery, Gallery and Guest, 2004). Inflation rate prevailing in the market and unpredictable market conditions are some factors that support use of time value of money concept in decision making. In this concept, net present value of the superannuation contributions and pension amount that will be received at superannuation will be calculated. Present value of contributions and amount to be received amount will be adjusted with inflation rate and thus are in real values. Therefore issue of real cash flows (inflow and outflow) of superannuation contribution and desired amount at the time of superannuation has been considered by time value of money concept (Jefferson, 2012). Recommendations: From the above definitions and explanations of defined benefit plan and investment choice plan it can be concluded that investment choice plan is highly customised superannuation plan. In order to provide, maximum flexibility in terms of designing and developing superannuation plan and cash outflows (contributions) and cash inflows (pension amount), investment choice plan shall be recommended. Another reason for selecting investment choice plan is that in defined benefit plan future or superannuation amount is certain i.e. it cannot be increased. But in case of investment choice plan, future plan can be increased according to the requirement or market situation. 2. Efficient market hypothesis Efficient-market hypothesis is the market situation in which price of commodity or stock or asset is the reflection of all available information about the business organisation. In other words, efficient-market hypothesis is the situation under which price of entitys stock or shares have been determined by incorporating all information about the company. Efficient-market hypothesis implies that asset price or stock price is already at fair value i.e. no investor can gain or loss in the stock market (Narayan, Narayan, Popp and Ali, 2015). Efficient-market hypothesis theory or situation has been opposed on the basis that there are various factors that all together made assets price. Therefore in this situation, stock or shares for the purpose of investing can be picked very easily or without applying any skills (Denis, Zoran and Velimir, 2012). In the market situation of efficient-market hypothesis, since there is no consideration of past information, trend analysis, market information , market condition and no other consideration has been put to value stock or asset price. In this situation, price of stock or asset does not move or change because of market changes or conditions. Role of pension fund managers in portfolio management Therefore in this market, role of manager or portfolio manager becomes very easy. It is possible that need of portfolio manager may comes to an end as no consideration is required to be put to any circumstances. Role of fund manager in portfolio management will also get hampered and role and importance of pension fund manager will get diluted (Jovanovic and Schinckus, 2016). As in case of efficient-market hypothesis, there is no consideration of past information and market happenings therefore role of pension fund manager will not be required any more. Pension fund manager, especially in investment choice plan, has to keep updating plan or portfolio of employee. Therefore in the situation of efficient-market hypothesis, no consideration is required. Therefore in this situation, pension fund manager will be able to manage portfolio with ease (Superannuation: How to deduct superannuation contributions by passive investment trusts, 2013). But it can be analysed that, this situation does not exists in the market or will never exists in the market as there are various factors that are to be kept in mind before making investment or select funds for superannuation contribution. Efficient-market hypothesis can never be the case in any form of market, as market forces are very strong and interaction and integration of these forces will impact value of share or asset (superannuation fund or contribution). Along with this, in case of efficient-market hypothesis, it is suggested that no investor will be able to gain higher than other. In this situation, all investors will be gaining same amount of profits therefore there is no question to hire pension fund manager for the portfolio management (Darst and Ebrary, 2013) Therefore, it can be concluded that efficient-market hypothesis is not the case, which can be exist in the market or at investment market because of its vague and unproved basis. References Awad, A. (2009, January 29). Expanding your insurance options with super. Money Management, p. 25. Basu, Drew. (2010). The appropriateness of default investment options in defined contribution plans: Australian evidence. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, vol 18, n0 3, pp 290-305. Brown, Kerry, Gallery, Gerry, Gallery, Natalie, Guest, Ross. (2004). Employees' Choice of Superannuation Plan: Effects of Risk Transfer Costs. Journal of Industrial Relations, vol 46, no 1, pp 1-20. Building super on a fair foundation: Reform of the taxation of superannuation contributions. (2012). Building Super on a Fair Foundation: Reform of the Taxation of Superannuation Contributions, p 21. Darst, D., Ebrary, Inc Content Provider., 2013, Portfolio Investment Opportunities in China (Wiley RealTime Finance). Hoboken: Wiley. Defined-benefit plan inside a 401(k). (2012). Best's Review, vol 113, no 1, p 51. Denis Alajbeg, Zoran Buba, Velimir onje. (2012). The efficient market hypothesis: Problems with interpretations of empirical tests. Financial Theory and Practice, vol 36, no 1, pp 53-72. Ingles, David, Richardson, David. (2010). Boosting Superannuation Contributions. Dissent, vol 32, pp 42-44. Jefferson, Therese. (2012). Private retirement savings in Australia: Current policy initiatives and gender equity implications.(Contributed Article)(Report). Australian Bulletin of Labour, vol 38, no 3, pp 234-250. Jovanovic, Andreadakis, Schinckus. (2016). Efficient market hypothesis and fraud on the market theory a new perspective for class actions. Research in International Business and Finance, vol 38, pp 177-190. Modelling the macroeconomic effects of an increase in superannuation contributions. (2016). JASSA, vol 2, pp 72-82. Most, W., Wadia, Z. (2015). Longevity plans: An answer to the decline of the defined benefit plan. Benefits Law Journal, vol 28, no 1, p 23. Narayan, Paresh Kumar, Narayan, Seema, Popp, Stephan, Ali Ahmed, Huson. (2015). Is the efficient market hypothesis day-of-the-week dependent? Evidence from the banking sector. Applied Economics, pp 1-20. Schreiber, S. (2016). Defined benefit plan participants can receive lump sum and annuity under new rules. Journal of Accountancy, vol 222, no 6, p 68. Stockton, K. (2017). Survey of defined benefit plan sponsors. Pension Benefits, vol 26, no 1, pp 7-8. Superannuation: How to deduct superannuation contributions by passive investment trusts. (2013). Taxation in Australia, vol 48, n0 5, pp 279-280.

Alcohol1 essays

Alcohol1 essays There are some 14 million people in the United States and 1 out of every 13 adults are considered alcoholics or at least experience drinking problems to some degree. Most people just dont understand the consequences of drinking. Alcoholism is a disease and unless something is done, more and more will be affected by this dangerous drug. A bad withdraw from this drug can lead to death, not even heroin results in death as The majority of people see alcohol as a social outlet and does not consider it to be as dangerous as it may really be. Alcoholism is an often-progressive disease with symptoms that include a strong need to drink despite negative consequences, such as serious job and health problems. The thing about alcohol is that a person does not need to be an alcoholic to experience problems with alcohol. Just a couple of drinks for anyone can result in irresponsible behavior, clumsiness, slurred speech, loss of balance, If you are diagnosed as an alcoholic you can not just try to cut down on drinking and think that this will help. Studies show that nearly all alcoholics who try to merely cut down on drinking are unable to do so indefinitely. Instead, cutting out alcohol is nearly necessary for successful recovery. Alcohol has direct toxic as well as sedative effects on the body, and failure to take care of nutritional and other physical needs during prolonged periods of excessive drinking may further complicate matters. Some cases even require hospitalization. The effects on major organ systems can be dramatic. A wide rang of digestive-systems can be affected, such as ulcers, inflammation of the pancreas, and cirrhosis of the liver. The central and peripheral nervous systems can be permanently damaged. In advanced cases, abstinence from alcohol may result in a ...

buy custom Business Plan and Ideas essay

buy custom Business Plan and Ideas essay Business Ideas Find a better location for the bike shop after thoroughly studying the market and the customer requirements. Determine exactly which are my weaknesses and strengths and learn how to use them in attracting new clients. Find a way to pay off the start up loans - maybe start a garage sale or manufacture items that can be sold with small cash (bracelets, earrings and so on) Take a course in marketing and managements concepts. This will definitely help with discovering new strategies and ways to be successful. Read and become up-to-date with the newest business and finance related problems in the area. Look for a sponsor or investor in the company who would be available to pay parts of the loan. Put together a strong business plan and figure out the steps that I want to take to become successful. Talk with my friend and put him in theme with my new ideas. Find out if he wants to return to the board or find another person who might. Talk to family members and learn if they are fully aware and if they approve the entire business I am trying to start. See if my family members might like to be investors. Figure out my personal qualities and if they would help or affect my business. Find out ways to overcome possible knock-backs that might happen along the road in this business. Develop ways to advertise my business using smaller amounts of money (talk to the local radio station to mention my shop, create my own flyers and ask a friend or a family member to print them out for me, create a large banner and put it outside my shop) Make sure I study everything there is to know about bicycles, financing a shop, managing the money and investing them properly. Try to make contact with people in finance, marketing and management, who can help me with their expertise and money. Figure out where I can buy products of the same quality and with better process. Try to put together a bicycle repair service, as it might bring more customers to my shop to both repair their bicycles and buy new ones in case the old one are unsalvageable. I need to figure out my competition in the area and try to provide new products. I should concentrate on studying the market before resuming my business as I dont want to bring already existing products in my shop, at prices equal or higher than in others. Always keep in mind that since my shop can be considered as a new market, I canbring existing products with small prices at the beginning, and when it will be ready, I could introduce new products into my shop. Always aim for quality and not quantity or low prices. Customers will appreciate a good bike at a reasonable price rather than a cheap, but bad bike. Learn to study the reactions and behavior of the customer and figure out how to act according to them. Always ask what they need to buy a bicycle for and be prompt in coming with the perfect item to match their requirements. Learn everything there is to know about the already existing products in the shop and make sure I can answer quickly when someone asks me something about one of them. Analyze my competition, see which are their weak spots and try to combat them using these. Make sure I have all licenses I need for my business. Consider installing communication means inside the shop and make sure to tell people about it so that they can use it if they need assistance or information. Never operate my business outside my expertise or financial resources. Tell my friends about the store and ask them to spread the news around. Have a positive yet realistic attitude about the future of the business. If everything I have thought of goes as planned, I see my store prospering in the future, as more and more customers will come and ask for my services. I plan to bring new items to the store as soon as I see that I have success with the ones I am already selling. Employee Statement If my friend will agree to come back in business with me, we will be the owners of the shop. Our role will be to manage everything there is to manage in the store and make sure that it has profit. Also, each one of us, as co-owners, will have the right to hire or fire any employees, as long as the other co-owner agrees. Even though at the beginning we will be doing all the hard work, after a while, we will hire more and more people to help us with the business. We will have to hire a manager to guide the other employees and an assistant manager if more help is needed in this department. Depending on how much the business will grow, we will hire people who will be in charge with walking around the shop and making sure customers receive the attention and information needed. Last but not least, we will hire a security team which will patrol inside and outside of the shop to ensure our customers safety. Business Profile My bicycle selling business consists in a store meant for selling bikes of all kinds and sizes to customers interested in purchasing a healthy means of travel. At the moment, due to the large sums of money I need to pay to cover my start up loans, I hit a dead end. However, I am determined to turn around and find another way around this maze called a fresh business and reach the center of the labyrinth to claim the big prize. Economic Assessment In the area I live there are two more bicycle shops. This is inconvenient for my business but I will try to work it out. After studying the regional economy, I find that my business can flourish without problems here. Since more and more people choose the healthy way of travelling and bicycle is the best alternative of it. Nowadays, when cars are all around the cities, people have started to think more about their health. This is why I think that this region is perfect for my business. I have been in the business for three years and I have had moderate success. Due to the start up loans we had to pay, I and my friend cant say that we are completely happy with the results, this being the main reason why he backed out of the business. However, I trust that with this new business plan and ideas, I will manage to make this business more successful. Cash Flow Assessment In the three years since I have started this bicycle business, the sales has brought me moderate success. The main problem was the fact that I had to pay the start up loans every month, which left me with virtually no profit at all. This is an inconvenience which I hope will disappear thanks to my new business plan. I plan that in the future I will have a bigger profit because I want to find sponsors and investors to help me with the loans. Furthermore, after studying the market and the competition, I believe I have managed to figure out a way to be the most successful bike store in the region. Therefore, I believe that the cash flow in the following period will increase considerably. Final Statement Although at first it might seem difficult, I am sure that with a lot of hard work and ambition, I will manage to turn the small bicycle shop I own at the moment into a successful business. After all, my motto is: Bike is your way into a successful future! Buy custom Business Plan and Ideas essay

Answer the question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Answer the question - Essay Example With this, it becomes paramount to understand peoples’ emotion in a social context. The emotional and social intelligence consists of four quadrants. These are self-management, Self-awareness, relationship and social awareness management. A framework of self-management enables leaders or individuals to use their beliefs, knowledge, abilities, and skills to facilitate health-related outcomes. This aspect is crucial because it enables leaders to managers others effectively as they understand their interests in areas of professionalism. Self-awareness is the recognition of one’s personality, which includes weaknesses, strengths, beliefs, motivation, emotions, thoughts, and opportunities. Self-awareness is importance because it enables people to understand other people, their attitude, and responses at a given place or time. Through self-awareness, one is able to see where his emotions and thoughts are directing to. It enables people to control their own emotions, personali ty, and behaviour as they work hard toward facilitating growth in any set-up. Relationship and social awareness management enables leaders to understand their own feelings, concerns, and needs. ... Still, one may lack a clear understand of his behaviour patterns, thoughts, and personality thus not facilitating into success. In my opinion, social and emotional intelligence is important for managers to understand. This is because it creates a strong ground to understand one’s thoughts and how others perceive things. HR managers and leaders should also pay attention to it to foster excellent leadership at their assigned duties (Seltzer 20). By utilizing social and emotional intelligence, one understands people’s behaviour, their personality, behaviour patterns, and what they can do best. For many years, social and emotional intelligence has been considered as the most critical and important factor of determining how successful an employee or individual can be in work or life. The intelligence quotient account helps managers to understand what accounts for an individual’s success at work or in life. It creates a strong ground to understand what an employee can do best. As a result, this fosters success in that it allows competitive employees to perform their assigned duties effectively and successfully. Of the 26 competencies of the social and emotional intelligence, I believe I have the greatest strengths in achievement drive, integrity, and empathy. In all assigned duties, I strive to meet the standards of excellence, and this motivates me to work hard. I have a strong achievement drive to be the best in all I do, and strives to enhance growth, success, and change in all I do. At the work place, I maintain high standards of truthfulness, sincerity, honesty, and ethics. I am optimistic in all I do and persist in achieving my set goals and objectives regardless of setbacks and obstacles. Lastly, I have

The French Wars of Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The French Wars of Religion - Essay Example The popular and learned, denominational reflection on spiritual matters and the declaration by the Catholic church that it held a powerful position regarding spiritual matters plunged France on the road of conflict. Wars of religion began in 1562 and continued up to the time of Edict Nantes in 1598. It was the warfare that dismantled generation, although fought in desultory and inconclusive manner. These wars occurred in France for many years, rather than the hundred years of fighting, they comprised of series of wars rather one disagreement on the confessional dispute. According to Benedict (2004), these wars consisted mainly of civil wars between the Protestants called Huguenots and the Catholics that resulted in so much bloodshed in France. In addition, the French noble class of the house of Bourbons and house of Guise was involved in the deadly war that lasted for 36 years. Historians have attributed this battle as a proxy between a Protestant, Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ki ng Philip II of Spain, all these people are said to have contributed militarily and financially to this war. At the time the war began, the Huguenots were the minority in that they comprised only of 7% of the French population (Berce, 1990). However, by geographical accident, they found themselves in a suitable position to fight when the war began. This war was much of a political conflict as a religious battle. The main conflict was between the king and the royal families who were Catholics and the protest struggle to be able to worship consciously and freely conflicted with this political conflict. In France, the state and religion were bound together by people’s experience and mind. There was no differentiation between the private and public, civic and personal religion.

Alcohol and Substance Abuse in Blacks and Whites Coursework

Alcohol and Substance Abuse in Blacks and Whites - Coursework Example Substance abuse and alcoholism have always invited debate on whether these are a medical problem or social problem. These addictions have been associated with serious medical conditions such as infections with HIV, and they have also been associated with social misbehavior. Substance abuse, also known as drug abuse, can be compared to a viral disease that spreads during an epidemic.   Substance abuse is the addition of an individual to the consumption of alcohol or other drugs despite having knowledge of problems related to such substances. Substance abuse and alcohol provide the individual with a temporary pleasure and gives a feeling of great happiness. Continuous use of such drugs makes the individual tolerant to its effects and may develop unusual withdrawal symptoms that may be detrimental to his/her overall health. The most useful and vibrant section of the society in the age group of 15-40 is widely affected by this grave and deadly habit.Types of drugs used by the populatio n in the United States also show ethnographic diversities such as alcohol-in-combination (32.7%), followed by cocaine (17.86%), and marijuana/hashish (14.64%). African-Americans have been found most commonly dosed with cocaine (56.53%), in emergency department cases, followed by alcohol-in-combination (40.21%), and heroine/morphine (23.37%). A specific report of 2000 on emergency department cases of cocaine overdose has revealed 43.39% of African-Americans and 34.2% Caucasians. A pattern of onset of substance use and alcoholism has been reported by many researchers. For example, it has been reported that Caucasians typically begin consumption of tobacco and alcohol at a younger age than African-Americans. Also, African-Americans have been found to develop cocaine and opiate dependence much after developing alcohol dependence, unlike Caucasians.  Ã‚   Role of culture in the consumption of alcohol has also been evidenced in these ethnographic groups. Alcohol consumption in certain cultures is allowed to a moderate extent, however, these groups are, at the same time, under the influence of society, peers, environment etc and deviation from these norms has become a very common feature. For example, alcohol consumption by Caucasians in comparison to African-Americans in the United States has been found higher and is linked to norms relating to alcohol use.

The Ageing Population in Mauritius

The Ageing Population in Mauritius Discussions Impact of aging population in Mauritius The first objective of this study aims to provide a thorough understanding of the actual impacts of aging population in Mauritius. Since old people retire from their jobs, the incomes they generate are reduced and thus they have to rely on pensions or insurances. Consequently, the aging population is very often faced with income security and poverty. Among the 80 questionnaires that were distributed, there were 18.5% of the respondents were above 65 years. This was a very significant number and was the second larger percentage after the age group of 20-35 years. Moreover, the Mauritius Statistics forecasts that 20% of the Mauritian population will be above 65 years by 2025. One of the main impacts of an aging population is that it increases the dependency ratio. There are relatively more people claiming pension benefits and less people working to pay taxes. With the ever-growing aging population in Mauritius, it is probable that this will cause problems in the future. Though 14.8% of the respondents still live with their grand-parents and 12.3% of them still help their grand-parents financially, the dependency on the pension benefits do not seem to decrease. Another impact is the increased Government spending on health care and pensions. In UK, the old age pension is currently  £113.10 per pensioners per week (Population Ageing Statistics, Rutherford) as compared to Mauritius, where the pension fund is Rs5, 000 per pensioners per month. Since the percentage of old age is said to increase to up to 25% by 2025, the Government spending will increase even more. Presently, the budget for old age health problems amounts to approximately Rs9.7 billion per year and with a promising and significant growth in the number of old people in the future, Mauritius is likely to face serious budget issues. As such, as demonstrated in table 4.5 in the previous chapter, 56.8% people have that working people should pay a token for the elders’ medical services. This gesture can remove a huge burden from the Government expenditure since people are not prepared to remove old age pension funds even if an alternative, such as building homes for the elder ly with all their required needs, is given to the old people as shown by the majority of people who voted ‘No’ to the suggestion. Moreover, an aging population directs to a shortage of workers in a country. Since the old people retire and live on pension, and there are lesser number of new-borns to eventually work to pay taxes, the country faces a lack of workers. Mauritius is not far behind from a shortage of workers. In this effect, 48.1% of the respondents thought that encouraging Mauritians to reproduce will solve the problem whereas 50.6% of them thought it would be better to hire immigrants to work here. Furthermore, since Mauritius will be putting a higher percentage of income into pension funds in the future, due to the increasing amount of old people, it could reduce the amount of savings available for more productive investments. Thus, leading to lower rates of economic growth. Impact of security budget on aging population The second objective emphasizes on the impact of security budget on aging population. With greater number of old people, comes greater expenses in terms of security. As of now, the Government is spending approximately Rs27.1 billion on social security solely in the year 2015 and as per our research conducted by the questionnaire, 38.3% people feel concern about this amount of expenditure only on social security. 76.5% of the respondents agreed that the well-off should be cut off from pension facilities. This is a considerable idea because the Government is spending way too much money on old people and getting nothing-in terms of finance-in return. Though many people (approximately 75.3% of the respondents) thought that the newly elected Government was right to increase old age pension from Rs3, 600 to R5, 000 in December 2014, a significant percentage (61.7) agreed that it was merely a political technique to gain votes. This increase in the pension fund has resulted in an increase of over 50% in the Government expenditure as compared in 2014. Over 186, 000 people benefit from the universal pension. The National Monetary Fund (IMF) has already sounded the alarm about the aging population of Mauritius that could jeopardize the national pension fund. The financial institution recommends an urgent review of the payment of this social benefit formula. As concluded by a Working Paper of the IMF entitled Pension Reforms in Mauritius; Fair and Fast Balancing Social Protection and Fiscal Sustainability, Mauritius’ old age pension situation is considered unsustainable in the long term. While now it amounts to 5% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), funding for different pension schemes should reach 11% in 45 years. The aging population is putting strong pressure on public finances. The number of people over 60 years will be 50% in 2050, whereas they represented 13% of the population in 2013. The result of expenditures on pension benefits, especially the non-contributory pension scheme will be exacerbated (Takoor, Petri, and Martin). If major reforms are not undertaken, the pension funds could cause a shortfall and could eventually be liability for the state especially when 79.0% of the respondents said they are not ready to further sustain the social security financially, besides their contributions in VAT and NPF. Problems faced because of gender in an aging population According to a study made by the UN organisation, women make up a significantly larger share of the older population. This is because women tend to live longer than men and thus rendering them more dependent on health care facilities and pensions schemes provided by their country. In 2014, Mundi calculated the ratio of females to males above 65 years old to be 66, 643: 45, 145 of the total population. The elderly dependency ratio was calculated to be 12.8%. Also, the UN found that older women experience some of the lowest literacy rates in the world. Average levels of illiteracy for women aged 65 or over are as high as 78% in Africa and 53% in Asia, compared to 58% and 29% respectively for men in these regions. This seriously impacts on the lives of the older women, preventing them from accessing health services, securing incomes, and moving out of poverty. Moreover, the fact that women’s life expectancy is greater than men’s means that health problems that increase with age, such as disability, affect a greater number of women worldwide. It is anticipated that the overall prevalence and severity of disability among older women will continue to increase, in line with the growing aging population and the higher proportion of women in the old age groups. For example, older women are more likely to suffer from blindness than older men, especially in low-income countries where 44% of cases are caused by cataracts. The greater the number of older women, the greater is the dependency on health care services. Furthermore, despite increased awareness of abuse, discrimination, and violence against women, concerns over the situation of older women have largely been ignored. Data on violence against women over the age of 60 is severely limited and research focusing on abuse of older women tends to be confined to developed countries and based on small sample sizes. Impact of sustainability on the level of protection of the old age The challenge for the future is â€Å"to ensure that people everywhere can grow old with security and dignity and that they can continue to participate in social life as citizens with full rights†. At the same time â€Å"the rights of old people should not be incompatible with those of other groups, and reciprocal intergenerational relations should be encouraged.†(United Nations, World Population Ageing 1950-2050, Population Division) Social protection of the old age approach has addressed the multiple interlinked global challenges of poverty eradication, environmental sustainability, and economic equity, and gender equality, equitable distribution of resources, human rights, and inequality. In Mauritius, though about 50% of old people do not take public transport, the latter is still free for people above 60 years old. However, about 21.0% find that this system should be abolished. Basic income security for people in old age is considered as necessary to avoid poverty among the old age. However, approximately 49.4% of Mauritians find that Rs5, 000 is a risk factor to the life of the elders. This amount of money is considered to be too much and can put the life of the elders at stake. Conclusion This chapter has discussed the various objectives of the research work together with the data that was obtained and calculated in the previous chapter, data analysis. As shown, some data obtained were in line with the objectives of this study. The next chapter will talk about the proposed recommendations. Recommendations and Conclusion Introduction In this chapter we will propose a list of recommendations of how the impacts of aging population can be minimised. We will also recommend ways in which the security budget can be controlled, how gender equality and equity can be ensured, and how to ensure a sustainability in the aging population of Mauritius. Housing for seniors: Elder friendly housing Specific measures can be taken to facilitate the development of retirement housing by the private sector, in particular, varying the length of land leases to lower land costs, to facilitate elders’ needs in terms of housing. Also, through a review of the Code on Barrier-Free Accessibility, the Government can consider introducing guidelines for the provision of accessibility and safety features in the homes for the elder people so that they have a more elder-friendly environment to live in. in this way, the elders will more likely have a healthy lifestyle and thus lessening the health expenditure for the Government. Stretching the workforce and working hours The participation rates of women and elderly people in the workforce should be increased to ensure more contribution is being brought economically to Mauritius. According to the Organisation of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 49% of the people aged between 60 to 64 years old in USA are still gainfully employed. There are many ways in which a higher participation of the ‘young’ seniors (aged between 60 and 65) can be achieved. Among them, the most important are to correct the inducement of early retirement, reduce the period of entitlement to unemployment benefits, and eliminate high severance payment, extensive job dismissal protection as well as seniority principles. Also, by implementing new child-minding arrangements and more creative working time models and speeding up organisational reforms, the participation of women within the workforce can be increased. Additionally, the annual working and/or average weekly times can also be increased such that fewer workers have to work for more hours in order to compensate for a negative demographic effect on potential growth. Thus, a higher share of women will be put in the workforce and a greater number of part-time jobs will be switched to full-time positions. It will also require an increase in collectively agreed weekly working times. Migration Immigration can help to slow down the process of aging and shrinking of the population and mitigate its negative economic consequences. The younger, more flexible and better qualified the population, the more favourable the outcome will be. Mauritius should promote migration and set suitable migration policies where the policies do not only stop at identifying suitable immigrants but also help them integrate well into the society. It is also very important for Mauritius to promote harmonious race relations-which is not very difficult, considering the fact that we are ourselves a multi-racial nation. Better use of existing resources and adoption of new technologies. We can help people to stay active, healthy and autonomous by building age-friendly cities and â€Å"smart homes† that deploy a range of monitoring and supportive devices to help older people manage life more effectively. We can re-engineer health systems to focus on disease prevention and early screening, rather than on expensive intervention. With these measures, we will contribute to creating better quality lives for older people: lives that are also inclusive and sustainable. Preventing falls strategies Given the magnitude of this public health problem, policymakers should elevate falls prevention as a priority and support policies and programs that aim to reduce risk factors among older adult populations. This may be accomplished in multiple ways. For instance, increased funding may be provided to Area Agencies on aging for broader implementation of community-based falls prevention programs. Certain falls prevention strategies, such as home safety assessments, could also be integrated into existing senior outreach services and programs, such as Meals on Wheels. Enhance opportunities for physical activities among older adults It is recommended that policymakers enhance the opportunities for physical activity among the elders. Especially, they should implement policies and targeted strategies that support active living for seniors. This involves identifying and addressing the barriers that currently prevent seniors from participating in physical activities, ramping up education and outreach efforts, and promoting community-based programs that incorporate strength, endurance, balance, flexibility training programs. Some communities for elders offer other social benefits, such as peer interaction and support. This should be put into practice by all the communities for the elderly. Additionally, policymakers should support a broad continuum of programs, ranging from low to high intensity levels, available to people of all abilities, cultures, and ethnic backgrounds. 6.7 Additional benefits for additional years worked Some countries offer financial incentives to workers who keep on working even though they have reached their retirement age. Normally, the incentives are calculated on the basis of contribution period, for example, an additional day, month, quarter, or year worked after the retirement age. They can come be in the form of a single bonus payment or a percentage increase in the final pension. If Mauritius were to adopt this system, it will ensure more people working and thus more people paying the taxes. Encourage employers to retain and recruit older workers The Government should encourage employers to retain and recruit older workers. One way in which this can be achieved is for the Government to directly contribute to the consts of employing older workers (Gineste, 2012). Reducing unemployment benefits for older people Reducing unemployment benefits and lowering pensions could be an incentive to work longer. If the elders have lower pensions and reduced unemployment benefits, they will be more keen to work for longer periods of time so that they achieve a more satisfying and comfortable lifestyle for the time when they are not able to work at all. 6.10 Conclusion This research work has tried to highlight the impacts of the aging population and appraise what is being done the Ministry of Social Security, National Solidarity, and Reform Institutions to bring about a sustainable development in the aging population of Mauritius. With the decrease in fertility and mortality rates, life expectancy at birth has increased drastically. And despite this rapid aging population, it can be said that the Government, along with the concerned institutions, are striving to keep the population an economically productive and healthy one. To conclude we have also tried to formulate some suggestions which can be implemented in order to ensure that the aging population process stays in control and that Mauritius does not suffer or at least suffers the minimum impact of such a population.

Salem Witchcraft Essays -- History Witches Papers

Salem Witchcraft Witchcraft accusations and trials in 1692 rocked the colony of Salem Massachusetts. There are some different views that are offered concerning why neighbors decided to condemn the people around them as witches and why they did what they did to one another. Carol Karlsen in her book The Devil in the Shape of a Woman and Bernard Rosenthal in Salem Story give several factors, ranging from woman hunting to shear malice, that help explain why the Salem trials took place and why they reached the magnitude that they did. The theories put fourth by Karlsen of a society that accusations against women as witches explain the trail, and Rosenthals ideas of discourse in the community are supported or partially disproved by the documents that are presented by Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum. The different motivations and reasons for witch accusations are exhibited in the fitting the profile of a witch, the belief in the accusers and guilt by association, the actions of the Putnam family , and the disagreements and discourse in the community. The trial of Bridget Bishop shows how people who fit the general profile of a witch can be accused. Karlsen points out that Bridget Bishop had been previously accused of witchcraft in the 1680’s the decade before the trials.1 People who where accused of witchcraft where generally suspected of being witches before they are brought to trial. Because of her prior accusation the idea that Bridget Bishop could be a witch is in the mind of the community. Because of the prior accusation Bishop is a prime candidate to be accused again and a prime suspect whenever witchcraft is suspected in the community. Bridget Bishop was brought to court on witchcraft charges in Febr... ...issenbaum (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1972), 204. 18. Rosenthal, 3. 19. Rosenthal, 192. 20. â€Å"Anti-Parris Petition (1695),† in Salem-Village Witchcraft, Paul Boyer, and Stephen Nissenbaum (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1972), 261-263. 21. â€Å"The first day of October, 1686,† in Salem-Village Witchcraft, Paul Boyer, and Stephen Nissenbaum (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1972), 341. 22. â€Å"The 27th of December, 1681,† in Salem-Village Witchcraft, Paul Boyer, and Stephen Nissenbaum (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1972), 321. Works Cited: Boyer, Paul, and Nissenbaum, Paul. Salem-Village Witchcraft. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1972. Karlsen, Carol. The Devil in the Shape of a Woman. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1998. Rosenthal, Bernard. Salem Story. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.

Goodner Brother Inc Essay

1. Key internal control objectives of Goodner’s Huntington Sales Office: a. Controls should be able to prevent and detect fraud. Authorization should be required for every sales transaction. Woody would not be able to sell returned tires from customers and consignees for his own benefits if all sales transactions needed prior management’s approval. b. Controls should aim at safeguarding physical assets. Sales Office should ensure that only certain authorized personnel could get access to the warehouse and at any time security should be enforced to minimize inventory shortages and shrinkages c. Controls should ensure the completeness and accuracy of accounting records. Woody would charge merchandise that he sold for his benefit to the accounts of large volume customers. Or in other words, Woody has altered the nature of the transactions by inflating the number of tires the customers actually ordered. 2. Key internal control weaknesses that were evident in the Huntington unit’s operations a. Strong reliance on the honesty and integrity of the employees they hired. The company recruited its personnel basing off references and recommendations; however this practice could not make up for the lack of a strong internal control system. b. Insufficient personnel. Its crew of 10 to 12 people had to staff its 14 sales outlets. Many of Goodner’s personnel had to take on double positions such as Goodner’s secretary who worked as both the receptionist and the bookkeeper. c. Unrestricted access to the accounting system by the unit’s sales manager and two sales representatives. This gave Woody a good opportunity to commit fraud. d. Lack of security for its tire inventory, which typically ranged from $300,000 to $700,000 per each sales outlet. 3. Control policies or procedures to alleviate the control weaknesses identified in question 2: a. Authorization of transactions: Management approval should be required on all transactions. Otherwise, the tire purchase request should be made by one individual and got approved by a different one. b. Segregation of duties: The secretary should not act as both the secretary and the receptionist. Report on returned items should be generated by one individual and then another individual should receive and put the returned items back to stock.

Kinship of Family

Kinship of Family Kinship refers to the link that exists among people who are related to each other either by marriage or blood. This link is important because it defines somebody’s history. Kinship is used in most communities to dictate how properties are distributed among one’s descendants. The volume of properties received is dependent on the beneficiary’s number in the family order.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Kinship of Family specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Among communities that speak the same vernacular language, the language is used as the unifying factor because it is used to distinguish that community from other communities. Residing in a common geographical location was responsible for fostering strong bonds due to frequent interaction. There are two ways through which kinship can be acquired and they include marriage and through blood. The strength of these links does not rely on their source. A link based on marriage can disintegrate after the marriage has collapsed. In contrary affiliation by blood is thought to have the strongest foundation and is said to end when death walks in. In my typical family setup the affiliation that exists among family members is used to hold it together. For instance, if my father was to divorce my mother, my link with the two of them would remain intact unless I take sides. This is because the link between me and both of them is based on blood while theirs is based on love. In the above mentioned scenario it is certain that links that are based on blood are stronger and cannot be compared to links based on the marriage because the partners in marriage are united by their strong feelings towards each other and when these feelings fade away the link between them is then broken. In our culture, the first born male is accorded the same respect as his father and is responsible for the continuation of family name. Female children are not able to p articipate in family name continuation because traditions dictate that when a woman is married she becomes more attached to her new family. The male first born is usually consulted before a decision is made because if the father of the family does not exist the first born male assumes his role. Mothers tend to favor the child who is more financially stable than the rest. Studies in the recent past have proved that this favor is natural among females.Advertising Looking for essay on anthropology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In ancient days our community supported marriage strongly because they knew the family was the basic unit that determined the survival of a community. In today’s world these cultures have been eliminated by modernization. Descendants of a given family name were avoided by many because it was perceived that by marrying such people will bring bad blood into a family name. Children who are not financially stable enjoy limited authority in decision making process in their families because they are only allowed to implement decisions that have been made by those considered to be more intelligent. Money commands power in our family regardless of whether the wealthy child is the last born in the family. Experience cannot be bought over the counter and thus one would expect the first born of the family whether male or female to be given the first priority in giving counsel to his siblings. Favoring one child over the other fosters jealousy in the family against the child who is seen as the apple of parent’s eye. Property inheritance should be done with evenness because all the children enjoy the same rights in their family. In most families within our community, property inheritance has led to many wrangles that are extended to their offsprings. Children who are more successful than their siblings tend to take advantage of their siblings. Parents also are also known to dislike children who are named after the parents of their partner. This is most likely to happen if the bond between the in-laws and their brother’s wife is soar. It is worth noting that the character traits exhibited by one’s children reflect those of his/her parents. Favoritism makes those who are more preferred than others feel like they are superior to their siblings, and hence decisions in that family must safe guard their interests. Sometimes parent ignite family wrangles by allocating more property to one child. Parents should distribute their property equally among their children unless their children recommend so. This evenness will promote unity in a family. Thus children in our society are encouraged to exercise respect to each other.

Tips on How to Read Chinese

Tips on How to Read Chinese To the untrained eye, Chinese characters can seem like a confusing mess of lines. But characters have a logic of their own, revealing clues about definition and pronunciation. Once you learn more about the elements of characters, the logic behind them begins to emerge. Why Are Radicals Important? The building blocks of Chinese characters are radicals. Almost all Chinese characters are composed of at least one radical. Traditionally, Chinese dictionaries were classified by radicals, and many modern dictionaries still use this method for looking up characters. Other classification methods used in dictionaries include phonetics and the number of strokes used for drawing characters. Besides their usefulness for categorizing characters, radicals also provide clues for meaning and pronunciation. This is particularly useful when characters also have a related theme. For example, most characters having to do with water or moisture all share the radical æ ° ´ (shuÇ ). The radical æ ° ´ on its own is also a Chinese character, which translates to water. Some radicals have more than one form. The radical æ ° ´ (shuÇ ), for example, can also be written as æ ° µ when it is used as part of another character. This radical is called ä ¸â€°Ã§â€š ¹Ã¦ ° ´ (sÄ n diÇŽn shuÇ ), which means three drops of water as, indeed, the radical looks like three droplets.  These alternate forms are rarely used independently since they do not stand as Chinese characters on their own.  Therefore, radicals can be a useful tool for remembering the meaning of Chinese characters. Here are a few examples of characters based on the radical æ ° ´ (shuÇ ): æ ° ¾ – fn – overflow; flood æ ±  – zhÄ « – juice; fluid æ ±  – wn – weep; shed tears æ ±â€" – hn – perspiration æ ±Å¸ – jiÄ ng – river Characters can be composed of more than one radical. When multiple radicals are used, one radical is typically used to hint at the definition of the word while the other radical hints at the pronunciation. For example: æ ±â€" – hn – perspiration The radical æ ° ´ (shuÇ ) implies that  Ã¦ ±â€" has something to do with water, which makes sense because perspiration is wet. The sound of the character is provided by the other element. Ã¥ ¹ ² (gn) on its own is the Chinese character for dry. But gn and hn sound very similar. Types of Characters There are six different types of Chinese characters: pictographs, ideographs, composites, phonetic loans, radical phonetic compounds, and borrowings. Pictographs The earliest forms of Chinese writing originate from pictographs. Pictographs are simple diagrams meant to represent objects. Examples of pictographs include: æâ€" ¥ – rà ¬ – sun Ã¥ ± ± – shÄ n – mountain é› ¨ – yÇ” – rain ä º º – rà ©n – person These examples are modern forms of pictographs, which are quite stylized. But the early forms clearly show the objects they represent.   Ideographs Ideographs are characters which represent an idea or concept. Examples of ideographs include ä ¸â‚¬ (yÄ «), ä ºÅ' (à ¨r), ä ¸â€° (sÄ n), which means one, two, three. Other ideographs include ä ¸Å  ( shng) which means  up and ä ¸â€¹ (xi) which means  down. Composites Composites are formed by combining two or more pictographs or ideographs. Their meanings are often implied by the associations of these elements. Some examples of composites include: Ã¥ ¥ ½ – hÇŽo – good. This character combines woman (Ã¥ ¥ ³) with child (Ã¥ ­ ). æ £ ® – sÄ“n – forest. This character combines three trees (æÅ" ¨) to make a forest. Phonetic Loans As Chinese characters evolved over time, some of the original characters were used (or loaned) to represent words that had the same sound but different meanings. As these characters took on a new meaning, new characters representing the original meaning were devised. Here is an example: Ã¥Å'â€" - bÄ›i   This character originally meant â€Å"the back (of the body)† and was pronounced bà ¨i. Over time, this Chinese character has come to mean north. Today, the Chinese word for back (of the body) is now represented by the character èÆ'Å' (bà ¨i) . Radical Phonetic Compounds These are characters which combine phonetic components with semantic components. These represent approximately 80 percent of modern Chinese characters. You have already seen examples of radical phonetic compounds as discussed earlier.   Borrowings The final category – borrowings – is for characters that represent more than one word. These words have the same pronunciation as the borrowed character, but do not have a character of their own. An example of borrowing is è  ¬ (wn) which originally meant â€Å"scorpion†, but came to mean â€Å"ten thousand†, and is also a surname.

Acer Company Marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Acer Company Marketing - Case Study Example It is of considerable importance to highlight the fact that the paradox related to the company’s focus on the global and local markets is part of company’s long terms strategy. It is relevant to mention that during the middle of the 90’s period, the company was facing issues of depreciating sales in the markets of the United States. Significant analysis by the company in regards to the causes associated with the slowdown in sales resulted in a strategic change of the company. The top management of Acer realized that for the purpose of entering the foreign markets of United States, it is very essential to develop a significant strong hold in the local Chinese market, which can be viewed as the company’s home turf. Also, the management realized that by catering to the local market, Acer will be able to leverage significant advantages in regards to economies of scale, which will thus make it viable for the company to focus on the process of introducing innova tion to its products (Keegan and Green, 2009, p. 80). Finally in a closing note, it can be specified that the company realized that by adding innovation to its product offerings, Acer will be able to squeeze out significant edge in regards to the offerings of the local players of the US market, thereby making it possible for the company to achieve a high sales turnover from the market of the United States.It has to be said that the company faced depreciating sales in the period of 1995-97, which resulted in fall of market share in the US.... It is relevant to mention that during the middle of the 90’s period, the company was facing issues of depreciating sales in the markets of the United States. Significant analysis by the company in regards to the causes associated with the slowdown in sales resulted in a strategic change of the company. The top management of Acer realized that for the purpose of entering the foreign markets of United States, it is very essential to develop a significant strong hold in the local Chinese market, which can be viewed as the company’s home turf. Also, the management realized that by catering to the local market, Acer will be able to leverage significant advantages in regards to economies of scale, which will thus make it viable for the company to focus on the process of introducing innovation to its products (Keegan and Green, 2009, p. 80). Finally in a closing note, it can be specified that the company realized that by adding innovation to its product offerings, Acer will be able to squeeze out significant edge in regards to the offerings of the local players of the US market, thereby making it possible for the company to achieve a high sales turnover from the market of the United States. 3. It has to be said that the company faced depreciating sales in the period of 1995-97, which resulted in fall of market share in the United States. As a counter measure, significant amount of strategic changes were introduced within the company’s business process. As a part of the strategic change, the market focus of the company was shifted to the local market of China, which is fast growing in nature. By trying to cater to the market of China, the company Acer tried to leverage the benefits associated with economies of scale, as well as tremendous availability of high

Is Buddhism Truly Compatible With Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Is Buddhism Truly Compatible With Science - Essay Example A focal idea is the statement that "everything is produced through mind" (Verhoeven, 2001). b. Buddhism was a moral perfect free of superstitions. i. Buddhism adjusted to the logical perspective of a requested universe ruled by law (Dharma)ii. Buddhism's perspective of the existing universe does not include heavenly mediation (karma) (Verhoeven, 2001). c. Buddhism was a religion of self improvement. i. Buddhism gets rid of the idea of a preeminent being, as does science. ii. Buddhism clarifies the inceptions and workings of the universe regarding regular law (Verhoeven, 2001). 2. No, Buddhism cannot be fully compatible with science. a. Science is taking into account experimental confirmation while Buddhism is focused the subject of "mind". i. Mind is a matter that cannot be measured (Verhoeven, 2001). ii. Mind cannot be approved observationally by an outsider (Verhoeven, 2001). iii. Such investigation cannot be compatible with experimental science. Connection of man to the world an d of the one who knows to the known. i. Buddhism is in light of a thought of non-duality (Verhoeven, 2001). ii. Buddhism prevents numerous from claiming these fundamental refinements that are vital to Western science. c. Science is keen on the exact examination of the material world, while Buddhism, as a religion, focuses on the inner world. i. Buddhism goes for the inward world: moral, otherworldly, mental, and scholarly (Verhoeven, 2001).

2,000 word Conflict Analysis and Research Proposal

2,000 word Conflict Analysis and - Research Proposal Example To many, natural resources are a vital resource for development and seems as the sole sure path to poverty reduction and economic growth. The increased awareness of the correlation between natural resources, security, and conflict continues to serve as reinforcement for the perception that natural resources are now a security issue (Bannon and Collier 2003 ). While appreciating that there are other drivers, this proposal suggests a detailed research to establish the interrelationship between distribution of economic resources and conflict. A succinct understanding of this relationship is considered necessary especially when formulating and implementing policies to mitigate the risk of conflict whether within a country or region. Limited knowledge of the correlation has resulted into misaligned policies and strategies that fail to achieve their objectives on prevention of conflicts related to natural resources distribution. The contemporary society is concerned that tension and conflicts continue to persist despite the formulation and implementation of conflict prevention policies in various world regions and countries. Much has been done to combat conflicts although researchers have shown that tensions and threat of violence are still high. An understanding of the correlation between conflicts and various drivers is considered as a vital step towards sustainable conflict prevention strategies and policies (Odhiambo 2011). It is necessary that the society adopt strategies that comprehensively address regional conflicts regardless of the dynamics of the contemporary world. All aspects of life are experiencing fast changes largely because of globalization. This research proposal in an attempt to establish the linkage between natural economic resources and conflicts presents a succinct literature review, research methodology, and possible results in subsequent sections. The literature refers to earlier re search studies to give insight on how different regions and

Bone Cancer Essay Example for Free

Bone Cancer Essay Bone cancer is a disease that occurs on or inside a bone. Usually, bone cancer involves a tumor filled with abnormal cells that will occasionally appear on the exterior of the bone. Similar to other types of cancer, bone cancer can be life threatening. Doctors are not completely sure what causes cancer, but they continue the search to find an answer. There are five different types of bone cancer that can affect people from ages 10-60 years old. Bone cancer can occur in any bone in the body from the legs to the head. Unfortunately, symptoms of bone cancer are not always obvious. Most of the time, pain is the most apparent symptom. When recognizing symptoms at an early stage, doctors can complete testing and supply treatment to the patient. Treatment for bone cancer usually begins with surgery followed by chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Because of the need to kill all of the abnormal cells that are growing on or inside the bone, treatment for bone cancer can be very powerful. In most cases, treatment is very successful. Before starting cancer treatment, many patients rely on statistics for a survival rate, but statistics are simply averages. Each patient has a different circumstance with his/her disease. There are 206 bones in the human body. Each bone serves several purposes. The bones of the body act as the structure that helps to support and protect many internal organs. The bones also serve as a muscle attachment that connects to the muscle to help during movement. But, most importantly, the bones of the body produce and store cells in the bone marrow. Cells make up the body tissue. However, some cells can become abnormal. Given that healthy cells make up body tissue, unhealthy cells grow and destroy body tissue and can often spread to other parts of the body. This abnormal growth of cells is called cancer. There are more than 100 types of cancer known to man, and 5 out of 100 are bone cancer. The most common type of bone cancer is Osteosarcoma, which commonly affects people from ages 10-25 years old. Osteosarcoma develops in new tissue usually in the arms, legs, or around the knee joint. Chondrosarcoma is another type of bone cancer. It usually develops in the cartilage of the pelvis, upper part of legs and arms, and the shoulder. Chondrosarcoma affects people from ages 50-60 years old. Ewing’s Sarcoma is a bone cancer that is known to begin in immature nerve tissue in the bone marrow. It attacks the pelvis, femur, and tibia. Ewing’s Sarcoma usually affects people from 10-20 years old. The last two types of bone cancer are Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma and Fibrosarcoma. Both of these types of bone cancer are very rare and usually develop in the arms and legs or around the knee joint. Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma and Fibrosarcoma are known to affect middle aged people. Bone cancer can sometimes be hard to detect. Symptoms of bone cancer can develop very slowly if at all. Often, one will develop swelling or tenderness in the affected area. Sometimes, a slightly visible lump may be felt through the skin. Bone cancer can also interfere with body movements like walking or hiking. Broken bones can also result from bone cancer. In one case, a victim of bone cancer recently started seeing symptoms of bone cancer. She developed a strong pain in her knee joint that enabled her to walk. The victim experienced a large amount of swelling around the joint. When she consulted a physician, the patient found that she had a fracture and a cancerous tumor in her knee. Even though the above symptoms can also lead to other injuries or diseases besides bone cancer, it is strongly recommended that one should consult a physician if in doubt. When diagnosing bone cancer, a doctor must first complete some tests. According to a summary of tests and procedures by Medicine Net on line, a doctor will first ask about a patient’s personal and family medical history in order to find out if there is any history of cancer in the family. Next, the doctor will order blood tests and x-rays. The exact size, shape, and location of a bone tumor can be seen through an x-ray. Then, a CAT scan (Computed Axial Tomography) will be completed to show whether the cancer has begun to spread to other parts of the body. A CAT scan will give detailed pictures of the cross section of the body. There are also similar tests like an MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) and an Angiogram (x-ray of the arteries), but a biopsy is the ultimate test that will make sure that cancer is present in the body. After the victim was told that she had bone cancer, she experienced a biopsy in Seattle, Washington. The Medicine Net on line explained that during a biopsy, doctors test a sample of the bone tumor and determine through a microscope whether or not the tumor is cancerous. The many different tests of bone cancer are very critical to the outcome of the disease. The tests are used for staging the bone cancer. For example, if a patient of bone cancer had a CAT scan, and it showed that the bone cancer was not spreading, the doctors could stage the patient’s cancer as controlled. There are three types of treatment for bone cancer: surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The treatment preference depends upon the type, location, size, and extent of tumor along with a patient’s needs. Sometimes, a combination of the three treatments is used on a patient. Because cancer can recur in the original affected area, surgeons often remove the tumor, tissue, and some healthy bone surrounding the tumor. In some cases, especially in children, a metal device will be implanted in place of the bone that was removed by a surgeon. This metal device functions to save a limb and lengthen as the child grows. Another type of treatment is chemotherapy. The National Cancer Institute, which covers both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, states that chemotherapy uses several drugs such as Cyclophosphamide, Vinblastine, and vincristine to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy is a very intense treatment that can be given by mouth or by injection into a muscle or blood vessel. Chemotherapy is so powerful that there has to be a treatment period followed by a recovery period, which is usually when one has fully recovered from the intense drugs used in chemotherapy. Recovery periods can vary with each person. The last treatment for bone cancer is radiotherapy. This type of treatment uses high-energy rays to damage cancer cells and stop them from growing. Radiotherapy can sometimes be used in place of surgery to remove the bone cancer. Another use for radiotherapy is to kill cancer cells remaining in the affected area after treatment. All treatments for bone cancer are very strong. The treatments are so strong that they kill not only cancer cells but also some healthy cells. The five bone cancers are a very small proportion of the 100 or more cancers known to man. However, the National Cancer Institute is developing and sponsoring clinical trials on bone cancer patients in many hospitals and cancer centers. The National Cancer Institute is trying to find new effective treatments and methods for bone cancer. The future for bone cancer patients is very promising. Doctors and scientists are hoping to discover the cure for cancer in the next ten years.

Culture of Fear Essay example -- Frank Furedi Western Culture Essays

Culture of Fear Culture of Fear, by Frank Furedi, is a book that looks at how widespread fear impacts Western cultures like the United States and Great Britain. Frank Furedi believed that society tends to panic too much, as we actually enjoy "an unprecedented level of safety." I admit that Frank Furedi's novel is based upon a novel concept, and an interesting one at that. However, Frank Furedi comes off to me as little more than a fear monger and an intellectual elitist. His book, to me, seems redundant more often than not. But sometimes part of college is learning about points of view that you may not agree with, so I tried to maintain that perspective when I read the book. Our assignment for class was to read the book, and every week or so we would write a reading log about a particular chapter. This was beyond a doubt a very difficult assignment for me. It involved reading a book I neither liked nor understood completely, and the writing logs seemed to never end. It was kind of a drag writing every week, and I usually procrastinated until the day it was due. The saving grace of the assignment was that the reading logs were informal, and for that I am grateful to my professor. I suspect that a major point in having regular logs was for all of us in class to have practice in regularly writing. The other point was to help us understand the concepts behind analyzing texts. We were given the liberty to write any random thought that we could conceive. Spelling and grammar did not count, and I believe that as long as we used thought and effort, then the teacher was satisfied. As a result, my logs are indeed far from professional. There may be occasional spelling errors, some swearing, and some pretty damn bizarre thoughts. ... ...n't paranoid of HIV, then this could happen, just one of the many cases of HIV infected people infecting many other people: http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1111/is_n1778_v297/ai_20952867 Political correctness was also mentioned. I think many people, especially in white America, are sick of PC. While America is a big melting pot, it would be nice if there was a lot more conformity. At least make English the official language. In post-9/11 America, racial profiling in under the gun. People say we can't use it because it isn't PC. I say fuck PC. If you take all emotion out of the situation, and focus on statistical fact and scientific information, then if racial profiling works, why take away a successful tool from law enforcement? Most middle-easterners are not terrorists, but most terrorists are middle-easterners. What's wrong with acknowledging that?

Employee rewards Essay

Employee reward is about how people are rewarded in accordance with their value to an organization (Armstrong, 2001). It is concerned with both financial and non financial rewards and embraces the philosophies, strategies, policies, plans and processes used by organization to development maintain reward systems. An employee reward system consist of an organizations integrated policies, processes, practice, structures and procedures which will provide and maintain appropriate type and levels of pays benefits and other forms of rewards. The main components of a reward system include processes for measuring the value of jobs, the contribution of individuals’ in those jobs and the range and level of employee benefit to be provided, these processes consist of job evaluation, market rate analyses and performance management (Armstrong,2004). Practice for motivating people by use of financial and non-financial rewards, the financial reward rewards consist of base and variable pay and employee benefits and allowances and non-financial rewards are provided through effective leadership, the work itself and the opportunities given to employees to develop their skills and careers. Structures for relating pay and benefit levels to the value of positions in the organization and for providing scope for rewarding people according to their performance, competence, skill and experience (Gephart&Caroll, 1998). Employee rewards are an effective way to drive performance and reinforce the behavior that helps a company meets its objectives. Pay bands are profiled in terms of the level of required competence, which describe the typical or minimum requirements of the roles allocated to each band. Individual roles are then slotted into the appropriate band by the company their profile with the band profiles. The purpose of pay structure is to organize and demonstrate organizations compensation philosophy and to reflect and support the advancement of the company culture. An effective pay structure allows employees to attract and retain the people who can help achieve our business goals (Jones, 1991). Broad banded pay structure is one in which the range of pay is significantly higher than convectional graded structures. The progression is appropriate because they provide for more flexibility in making and administrating pay decision. Broad banded structure recognizes that in flat organizations career are more likely to develop within more broadly homogenous areas of responsibilities rather than progressing up a number of steps in a clearly defined hierarchy. This structure has few broad bands which reduces the problem of grade drift. More authority is developed to managers to manager rewards in their departments which they can view them as their kingdom. The broad banded pay structure posses a problem of controlling pay decision so that a fair degree of equity and consistency is achieved. Broad banded pay structure requires that the line managers are literate on the issues of pay otherwise the process will be badly managed and complains will arise in the organizational of discrimination in pay. Broad banded pay structure can only succeed in sophisticated organizations with a tradition of good pay practices if this is not adhered to misunderstanding may occur due to irregularities in pay of employees doing the same job. Broad banded pay structure enable line mangers the freedom to manage the pay of their staff within their budget but this can become disadvantageous especially if the managers create their own kingdoms in these departments. Also too much scope for pay progression. The control mechanism in broad banded pay structure can be provided but can be difficult to mange and costly as job evaluation of no longer drive grading decisions (White&Drunken, 2000). Broad banded may pay structure create unrealistic expectation or scope for pay rise as it seems to restrict the scope for promotions making if difficult to understand equal pay progress. All these issues can cause potential problems in an organization that operates a traditional narrow banded structure. Narrow banded structure has ten or more graded and progression is expected to occur in small but relatively frequent steps. Progression is usually linked to performance. It is more appropriate in an organization when the organization is large and bureaucratic with well defined and extended hierarchies. In narrow banded structure pay progression is expected to occur in small but relatively frequent steps (Thrope&Homan, 2000). The culture in the organization having narrow banded structure is one in which mass significance is attached to status as indicated by grindings. This pay structure is appropriate when same little scope of pay is wanted as it facilitates control and clearly indicating relativities. In a narrow banded structure the hierarchy is tall as all the jobs are allocated into a salary grade within the structure on the basis of an assessment of their internal and external value hence it will be difficult for a broad banded pay structure when being introduced in the organization as it is mostly appropriate for flat organization not all hierarchy organization. Each salary grade consists of a salary range in narrow banded structure which can be 10 or more grades while in a broad banded pay structure. It is more flexible and can consist of five to six broad bans. In a narrow banded structure the rate of salary progressive is determined by performance as well as length of service while the broad banded pay structure progression is linked to contribution and competency of the employee. In narrow banded pay structure the number of salary ranges required depends on the lower and upper salary level of the jobs in the structure of an organization, the differentiate between the ranges, and the number of distinct levels of responsibility in the hierarchy which need to be catered for by separate grades. This will create many pay grade which if a broad banded pay structure is introduced in the organization implementation will be difficult as it will be possible to design and differentiate them more accurately as an aid to better precision when grading jobs.